Per MCVDK's list, the realms we currently have are:
24 nations.
Way-back-when in ye' olde days (1-2 maps ago), there were frequent (and published) activity checks threatening to get rid of any Nations that weren't integral to a race having a home nation. People hated activity checks, because they were annoying. Being pinged 10 times a week about xyz ball, tavern night, misc events was frustrating and being asked to afk or RP all the time was a chore.
Iirc, this system was removed -- there's no activity checks, only taxes which nations have to pay to keep tiles. However, this system existed and was removed when RP was heavily centralized, both when Oren & larger, more unified Elven nations existed such as Sutica or Celia'nor. Gates were open and raids were, surprisingly, very sparse and RP driven when they did occur. I'm unsure when this change happened, but the events that these checks spawned all but ceased to exist, all gates are closed, and usually, there's no one even to RP with in said-nation. New players are entering the server and experiencing the current (very hostile) war climate, and then getting swooped up by recruiters or simply leaving LOTC for good when they go on various 10-minute walks to the many gated nations.
There's not exactly one good way of handling this (as you can't just tell a few nations, 'you're not unique enough; go be a vassal' after they're established) but there are certainly ways to gradually reduce and prevent more from existing. Bring back the more brutal settlement apps (with the questions like, 'List each nation & why you can't just be a vassal of them', 'Explain your unique lore, 1000+ words', etc). Bring back some sort of activity check (ensuring that there is, at least, roleplay there every once and a while). Halt more realms being created altogether. Even war has been unsuccessful in giving realms the boot as seen with the Haelun'or-V-Nevaehlen war, because they've re-created their nation in a different spot, lacking consequences of being taken over altogether.
Not only has this balkanization of nations hurt the centralization of RP, but it's also created a much, much more fractured playerbase that's inherently more hostile to each other. When everyone has their own unique land, no one is truly connected, esp with the rising sentiment around "only playing for one realm" (people opposing players that have chars in multiple realms, bringing up the idea of tying a whole account to a single realm, etc).
here is my humble solution ...
(jk)
this was a treesmoothie production, thank you for reading o7